Trusted allies or friends with benefits? Instrumental ambivalence in Filipinos’ public appraisal of China

ABSTRACT This paper examines how citizens in asymmetric relationships evaluate powerful states that simultaneously present economic opportunities and strategic risks. Focusing on the Philippines, we distinguish between perceptions of dependability, understood as expectations of consistent behaviour, and trust, defined as beliefs about long-term intentions under uncertainty. Drawing on seven waves of nationally representative survey conducted […]

Nature-inspired optimization, the Philippine Eagle, and cosmological parameter estimation

Abstract Precise and accurate estimation of cosmological parameters is crucial for understanding the Universe’s dynamics and addressing cosmological tensions. In this methods paper, we explore bio-inspired metaheuristic algorithms, including the Improved Multi-Operator Differential Evolution scheme and the Philippine Eagle Optimization Algorithm (PEOA), alongside the relatively known genetic algorithm, for cosmological parameter estimation. Using mock data […]

Filipino sign language alphabet recognition using Persistent Homology Classification algorithm

Abstract Increasing number of deaf or hard-of-hearing individuals is a crucial problem since communication among and within the deaf population proves to be a challenge. Despite sign languages developing in various countries, there is still lack of formal implementation of programs supporting its needs, especially for the Filipino sign language (FSL). Recently, studies on FSL […]